Carbureter.



W. E. VER PLANCK.

CARBURETER.

Mmc/mou mm 5.29. m2.

1,176,627. Patented Mar. 21,1916.

Witnesses: Inventor" Mew, b W||iamE.\/erP|ancK,

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UNTTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM EVERETT VER PLANCK. OF ERIE. PENNSYLVANIA. ASSIGNOR T GENERALELECTRIC COMIAN'Y, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 21, 1916.

Application led February 29, 1918. Serial No. 889,682.

To all whom it ma concern:

Be it known tiat I, Wilma-iii E. Ven Pia-mok, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie, State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carbureters for internal combustion en `nes,and more especially to carbureters o the twin ty e, such, for example,as those having a sma 1er carbuieter for startin the engine and a largercarbureter which is automatically brought into service as the enginecomes up to speed, but the invention is iipplicable to other types.

One object of mv invention is to improve the automatic valve, whichcontrols the main combustible charge, so as to render its openingpositive and insure that it will be held open wit-hout throttling theflowof mixture through the port or passage which it controls.

Another object is to insure a better inter mixture of the air with thegasolene va or in the mixing tube and a more compete vaporization of thegasolene by providing a pluralityy of Venturi tubes through which thecharge is drawn.

It has been found in practice that a decided advantage results from myimprovements, both in economy of gasolene consuniption and in theincreased maximum output of the engine.

In the embodiment of the invention shown by way of illustration in theaccompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a vertical section of the carbureter;Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. 3 is a side viewof an engine and its caibureter.

The intake pipe 1, through which the charge is fed to the engine, iscontrolled by the. throttle valve 2. Immediately in the rear of saidvalve is the inlet from the smaller carbureter 3 which has a Venturithroat 4 in which is located the nozzle 5 controlled by the needle valveG. The surplus gasolene, supplied by any suitable means, overflows fromthe reservoir 7 through the pipe 8 to the lower reservoir 9 which feedsgasolene past the needle valve 11 to the nozzle l0. The nozzle islocated in the throat of the larger mixing tube 12 .whose shape is thatof a Venturi tube. irectly above the large end of the Venturi tube 12,

the mixing tube is divided into preferably seven tubes, a.. b, c, d, e,f, g, and each of these minor tubes has a Venturi throat 13.

The upper section 15 of the mixing tube 12 serves to reunite theseparate streams of mixture cominer from the minor tubes, a. I), c, d,e, f, g, audits upper end opens into the intake pipe 1. This opening orport is controlled by the automatic valve 16 and the conformation of theouter surface of this valve, taken in connection with that of its seatat the mouth of the inixinnr tube, forms a kind of annular Venturi tribeor throat when said valve is slightly open or just cracked The steni 17of this valve is connected with a piston 18 working in a cylinder 19located above and in line with the mixing tube 12. This piston is ofconsiderable weight so as to keep the valve 16 closed while the enUineis starting up or running at low speed and until the suction in theintake pipe l reaches a predetermined value. Ordinarily said weight oran equivalent spring must be not only overcome by the suction of theengine but this load must be carried all the time, a condition whichputs an objectionable tlirottling on the engine. I prevent thistlirottling by providing a pipe 20 leading from the constriction orthroat 13 of the auxiliary mixing tube 14 where the flow of fluid causesavreduction in pressure to a region above said piston or other movableabutment. The ipe 20 could be connected to the throat of tiie main tube12, if desired. The upper end of the cylinder 19 is closed by the ca 21through which saidpipe enters the cyiinder. A duct 22 admits air atatmospheric pressure to the lower end of the cylinder, the vacuum in theintake pipe being ke t out by the packing effect of a long tubu ar neck23 de iendinnr from the lower head of the cylinder and fitting the valvestein 1T rather closely. Thus atmospheric pressure is maintained on thelower side of the piston wlile the upper side is subjected to a lowerpressure. Air is admitted to the lower end of the mixing tube 12 tlirouh three inlets, *24, 25, 26, leading respective y from the atmosphere, aregion heated by the en `ne exhaust, and the crank case. These in etsare controlled by adjustable valves so that the quantity and tem eratureof the air supply can be regulate as desired. The disk or cover 2T canbe adjusted to regulate the atmospheric air supply` to the carbnreter 3.This carburetor can also be supplied with heated air.

In operation, the smaller carburet'er fur nishes the mixture for theengine while it is starting or ruiming at a low speed but as soon as itreaches a predetermined speed the suction is sutlicient to lift theautomatic valve 16 slightly and draw in the mixture through the largertube 12 and the plurality of minor tubes in series therewith. The actionof the Venturi tubes is to cause a very rapid movement of the air andvapor through their throats and a thorough vaporization and mixing asthe fuel and air pass up through the series of tubes. This action isaugmented by the Venturi shape of the annular opening under the valve 16and results in an increased economy in gasolene consumption. W hen theautomatic valve opens sutliciently, the llow of inxtuie causes areduction in )ressure at the constriction l'by reason ot the Venturishape of the tube, thus enabling the atmospheric pressure on the underside of the piston 18 to lift the valve quickly to its wide openos'ition` and moreover to hold it there so on as the mixture continuesto flow past sai constriction with a certain degree of rapidity. In urapidly running multi-cylinder engine this flow is practicallycontinuous. The engine is thus freed from the necessity of overcomingthe load of a spring or a weight such asis ordinarily used to close theautomatic valve and the carburcter is therefore relieved Jfrom allthrottling except that due to the Venturi shape of the tubes. Thisthrottlin( is, however, so slight as to be practical y negliffible. llieengine is accordingly enabled to take in the maximum possible charge andits maximum output is correspondingly increased.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I havedescribed the prin` ciple of operation of my invention, to ther with theapparatus which I now consi er to re nesent the best embodiment theieof;but I r esire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is onlyillustrative, and that the invention can be carried out b other means.

W'hat I claim as new, an desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States,

1. In a carbureter, a mixing tube comprising a plurality of open Venturitubular passages or throats arranged in series relation as regards theflow of fluid, whereby said iluid flows successively through them andhas its velocity alternately increased and retarded, and nozzle meansfor delivering fuel to one of said passages or throats.

The combination in a carbureter having' a Venturi throat, of a nozzlefor supplying fuel to said throat, and a luralit of Venturi tubesarranged in para lel wit i each other and in series with said throat.

3. In a carburetor, the coiiibiinitioii of a mixing tube having aplurality of Venturi throats arranged in series as to the [low of fluidtherethrough, and means that divides one of said throats into apluralityl of Venturi tubes.

#1. The combination with the mixing tube of a carbureter having aVenturi throat, of a nozzle arranged in and delivering fuel to thethroat, means delivering air to said throat, and a second Venturi tubeor throat arranged in series relation to the tirst through which themixture [lows on its way to the mixinf1r tube.

The couibination with the mixing tube of a carburetor having a Venturithroat, of a nozzle arranged in und delivering fuel to the throat, meansdelivering aii to said throat, and means in said tube dividingr nportion theieof which is beyond said Venturi throat into a plurality ofVenturi shaped passages arranged in parallel to each other.

6. A mixing tube for a carburetor having a Venturi throat at its inletend and a plurality of Venturi throats arranged beyond said throat, oneof the second throats having its axis coincident with the axis of thetube and the other being grouped around the central throat between itand the outer wall of the tube.

7. The combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine, of a carbureter having its mixing tube connected thereto, saidmixing tube iavin r a Venturi shape, a valve controlling the tibw offluid from the mixing tube to the intake pipe, said valve being biasedtoward closed position and tending to open under the suction action ofthe engine, and means for causing the reduction of pressure at thethroat of said tube to eect an opening movement of said valve.

8. The combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine` of a carbiireter having its mixing tube connected thereto, saidmixing tube iaving a Venturi shape, a valve controlling the iow of iuidfrom the mixin tube to the intake pipe, said valve beinggbiased towardclosed position and tending to open under the suction action of theengine, a movable abutment connected with tlie valve, and a pipeconnecting the throat of the tube with the region a ove the abutment,whereby the reduction in pressure at said throat'is communicated to theabutment to eilect an opening movement of the valve.

9. The combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine, of a carbureter having its mixing tube connected thereto, saidmixing tube iaving a Venturi shape, a valve controlling the flow offluid from the mixing tube to the intake pipe, said valve being biasedtoward closed position and tending to open under the suction action ofthe engine, a heavy piston connected with said valve, and a pipe leadingfrom the throat of said tube to the region above said piston.

10. The combination with a conduit supplying a charge of combustiblefluid, of a valve controlling the flow through the conduit, the valveand its coperating seat forming an annular Venturi passage between themwhen the valve is raised from the seat, said passage having a region ofminimum area intermediate its ends and increasing in area from saidregion toward each end of the passage.

11. l`he combination with a conduit sup- .plvving a charge ofcombustible fiuid to an engine, of a device in the conduit on which theflowing fluid acts to cause a change of pressure in said device, a valvefor controlling the flow through said conduit, said valve being biasedto closed position and tending to open under the suction action of theengine, a movable abutment connected with the valve, and conduit meansfor conveying pressure from said device to the abutment.

1-2. The combination with a conduit supplying a charge of combustiblefluid to an engine, of a valve in the conduit that tends to open umlerthe suction action of the engine, and means responsive to the flow offluid through the conduit that moves the valve to full open osition andholds it there independently oi) the opening action of said suction assoon as the suction opens the valve and starts said flow.

13. The combination with the mixing tube of a carbureter having aVenturi throat, of a valve controlling the flow through said tube, andarranged beyond the throat, a movable abutment connected with the valveand exposed on one side to atinos heric ressure which tends to open saidva ve, an a conduit connecting said throat with the region on the otherside of the abutment to reduce the pressure thereon so that saidatmospheric pressure will effect an opening movement of the valve.

14. The combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine, of a carbureter having its mixing tube connected thereto, saidmixing tube comprising a plurality of Venturi sections through which themixture flows in series in passing to the intake pipe.

15. The combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine, of a curhureter having its mixing tube connected thereto, saidmixing tube comprising a portion forming a Venturi section, and a secondportion forming a plurality of Venturi sections in parallel with eachother and in series with the first Venturi section.

16. The combination with the intake pipe of an inteinal combustionengine, of a carbureter having its mixing tube. connected thereto, saidmixing tube. comprising a plurality of Venturi sections arranged inseries as to tho flou' therethrough. a valve controlling the mss-age ofmixture. from the mixingr tube to tlie intake pipe, and means operatedby the reduction of pressure at the throat of one of said Venturisections to efl'ect an opening movement of said valve.

1T. 'lhe combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine, of a plurality of carbureters having their mixing tubesconnected directly thereto, the mixing tube of one of said carbureterscomprising a Venturi section, a valve controlling the passage of mixturefrom the mixing tube having the Venturi section to the intake pipe` andmeans operated by the reduction of pressure at the throat of saidVenturi section to efl'ect an opening movement of said valve.

18. The combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine, of a plurality of caibureters having their mixing tubesconnected thereto, the mixing tube of one of said carbureters comprisinga plurality of Venturi throats arranged in series as regards the flowtherethrough, a valve controlling the flow of mixture from the mixing tue havinf1r the Venturi throats to the intake pipe, :mid means operatedby the reduction of pressure at one of said throats to effect an openingmovement of said valve.

19. 'lhe combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine, of a small carbureter and a large carbureter having their mixingtubes connected thereto, the mixing tube of the large carbureter havinga Venturi section, a valve controlling the fiow of mixture from themixing tube of the large carbureter to the intake pipe, said valve beingbiased to closed position and tending to open under the suction of theengine, and means operated bv the reduction of pressure which occurs atthe throat of the Venturi section when the suction becomes suflicient toslightly open said valve and cause a flow through said Venturi section,which acts to move said valve to full open position and hold it there.

20. The combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine, of a carbureter having its mixing tube connected thereto, saidmixing tube comprising a Venturi section, and a valve controlling thefiow of mixture from the mixing tube to the intake pipe, said valve andits seat being so shaped that when the valve is otl' the seat an annularVenturi passage is formed between them.

21. The combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustionengine, of a small carbureter and a large carbureter having their mixingtubes connected thereto, the mixing tube of the large carburetercomprising n plurality of Venturi sections arranged In witness whereof,have hereunto set i in series, und u vulve controlling the flow of myhund this twenty-third duy of Iebrunry, mixture from the mixing tube ofthe large 1912.

czubureter to the intake pipe, said vulve und WILLIAM EVERE'IT VERPLANCK. its sent being so shaped that when the vulve Witnesses:

is oil' the seat nn nnnulnr Venturi passage is J. W. Smmwm,

formed between them. DonMAN WEAVER.

Copies ot this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner ofvl'atents, Washington,- D. O.

